{"id":15650,"date":"2021-02-20T21:06:15","date_gmt":"2021-02-21T02:06:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7\/"},"modified":"2021-02-20T21:06:17","modified_gmt":"2021-02-21T02:06:17","slug":"%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0625\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647.<\/em><\/p>\n\n

O que \u00e9 medicalina gen\u00f4mica\u061f<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

Gen\u00f4mica \u00e9 o estudo do c\u00f3digo gen\u00e9tico Complete de um Organismo ou Sequ\u00eancia de DNA\u060c e como os genes contu\u00eddos por esse DNA interagem entre and ambiente para fazer desse organismo o que ele \u00e9. O genoma humano foi Sequenciado pela primeira vez com a conclus\u00e3o do projeto Genoma Humano em 2003\u060c mas at\u00e9 hoje as fun\u00e7\u00f5es de muitas partes do genoma n\u00e3o s\u00e3o compreendidas. Os cientistas ainda est\u00e3o trabalhando para melhorar nossa compreens\u00e3o de como exatamente o c\u00f3digo gen\u00e9tico \u00fanico de cada pessoa afeta seus tra\u00e7os\u060c sua sa\u00fade e suas vidas.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c0 medida que a tecnologia de Sequenciamento do genoma melhora\u060c tamb\u00e9m melhora a nossa compreens\u00e3o do genoma. O Primeiro genoma humano sequenciado pelo Projeto Genoma Humano custou 2\u060c7 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a. A combina\u00e7\u00e3o de maior disponibilidade de Sequenciamento e maior compreens\u00e3o de como a varia\u00e7\u00e3o gen\u00f4mica afeta nossos tra\u00e7os Estimulou o Surgimento do campo da Medicina gen\u00f4mica: a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o das informa\u00e7\u00f5es gen\u00f4micas de um indivaradosduad.<\/p>\n\n

\u0642\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627 inteiro \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 bastante limitada at\u00e9 recentemente e leva um tempo. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n\n

Como a gen\u00f4mica est\u00e1 transformando a pr\u00e1tica da Medicina hoje<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

Embora a Medicina gen\u00f4mica ainda esteja em seus est\u00e1gios iniciais\u060c ela j\u00e1 teve Impactos positivos profundos nos diagn\u00f3sticos cl\u00ednicos\u060c tratamentos e ferramentas de tomada de decis\u00e3o em muitas desedicina.<\/p>\n\n

H\u00e1 algum tempo\u060c temos a capacidade de usar testes gen\u00e9ticos para diagnosticar doen\u00e7as gen\u00e9ticas simples\u060c como fibrose c\u00edstica\u060c anemia falciforme ou doen\u00e7a de Tay-Sachs. \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. Um exemplo bem conhecido \u00e9 que os indiv\u00edduos com certas muta\u00e7\u00f5es na supress\u00e3o de tumor BRCA1<\/em> \u0647 \/ ou BRCA2<\/em> \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a os t\u00eam muito mais probabilidade de desenvolver c\u00e2ncer de mama do que os indiv\u00edduos sem essas muta\u00e7\u00f5es. \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u064a \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0627 cobertura<\/a> \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f pode se eles t\u00eam ou n\u00e3o uma muta\u00e7\u00e3o nesses genes. Se o fizerem\u060c podem tomar medidas para reduzir o risco de c\u00e2ncer de mama\u060c como tomar certos medicamentos hormonais Prevention or fazer exames Regulares de mama.<\/p>\n\n

Outra t\u00e9cnica not\u00e1vel e relativamente recente para prever o risco de um indiv\u00edduo \u00e9 o escore de risco polig\u00eanico. Os escores de risco polig\u00eanico somam os efeitos das varia\u00e7\u00f5es de muitos genes diferentes de um indiv\u00edduo para Calcular um escore que preveja a suscetibilidade do indiv\u00edduo a uma doen\u00e7a. Os cientistas t\u00eam criado fastamente muitos novos escores de risco polig\u00eanico para prever a suscetibilidade a muitas condi\u00e7\u00f5es. Algumas pontua\u00e7\u00f5es de risco comumente relatadas em testes gen\u00e9ticos atuais fornecem informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o risco de um indiv\u00edduo desenvolver doen\u00e7a card\u00edaca e \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a 2 no futuro.<\/p>\n\n

Al\u00e9m de prever o risco de doen\u00e7as e ajudar a tomar medidas Preventionivas\u060c a medicine gen\u00f4mica j\u00e1 est\u00e1 Sendo usada para Adminar terapias Personalizadas a pacientes que s\u00e3o mais eficazes do que as terap\u00eauticas tradicionais. Um dos Principais campos de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da Medicina gen\u00f4mica para esse prop\u00f3sito \u00e9 a oncologia. Ao Sequenciar as amostras do tumor de um paciente\u060c os m\u00e9dicos podem recomendar tratamentos com base nas muta\u00e7\u00f5es que o tumor posui. Uma vez que esses tratamentos visam o tumor com base em muta\u00e7\u00f5es que o diferenciam das c\u00e9lulas normais do corpo\u060c eles geralmente s\u00e3o mais eficazes e causeam menos efeitos colaterais do que os tratamentos tradicerion\u060c com. Um exemplo relativamente conhecido de um desses tratamentos \u00e9 a classe de Medicamentos de imunoterapia anti o c\u00e2ncer conhecidos como inibidores de checkpoint\u060c que s\u00e3o usados para tratar v\u00e1rios tipos diferentes de c\u00e2ncer. V\u00e1rios desses Medicamentos atuam visando a prot\u00edna PD-L1\u060c que \u00e9 codificada pelo CD274<\/em> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648 ajuda as c\u00e9lulas cancerosas a evitarem a detec\u00e7\u00e3o pelo sistema imunol\u00f3gico. Portanto\u060c ao Sequenciar uma amostra de tumor e verificar se o tumor expressa ou n\u00e3o PD-L1 em uma alta propor\u00e7\u00e3o de suas c\u00e9lulas\u060c podemos ter uma vis\u00e3o sobre a chance de que essas drogas sejam capazes de tratar eficorazmente esse Para enfatizar o qu\u00e3o avan\u00e7ada \u00e9 a abordagem da Medicina gen\u00f4mica \u00e0 oncologia\u060c aprova\u00e7\u00e3o do FDA em 2017 de um inibidor de checkpoint\u060c o pembrolizumabe\u060c foi a primeira vez que aprovou um medicine against c\u00e2ncerica com base gen\u00e9tor \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n

\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645. O campo EMEGENTE da Farmacogen\u00f4mica\u060c uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o da Medicina gen\u00f4mica\u060c usa informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre o genoma de uma pessoa para ajudar a selectinar quais medicalamentos e tratamentos s\u00e3o mais adequados \u00e0s suas implidades. A farmacogen\u00f4mica est\u00e1 atualmente ganhando for\u00e7a na psiquiatria\u060c pois estudos recentes sugeriram que o perfil gen\u00e9tico de um indiv\u00edduo pode ser usado para selectinar qual antidepressivo e quais medicine antipsic\u00f3ticos ser\u00e3o mais eficazes para eles.<\/p>\n\n

Um dos avan\u00e7os mais avan\u00e7ados na medicina gen\u00f4mica \u00e9 a terapia gen\u00e9tica\u060c que ocorre quando um dist\u00farbio \u00e9 tratado pela inser\u00e7\u00e3o de um gene nas c\u00e9lulas do paciente ou pela desativa\u00e7\u00e3o de um gene mutado que est\u00e1 funcion. Um m\u00e9todo comum de fazer isso \u00e9 tirar vantagem de certos tipos de v\u00edrus que invadem as c\u00e9lulas e ingetam seu pr\u00f3prio DNA nos cromossomos da c\u00e9lula. Os cientistas usam v\u00edrus modificados que ingetam c\u00f3digo gen\u00e9tico \u00fatil em vez de seu pr\u00f3prio material gen\u00e9tico para consertar genes que n\u00e3o est\u00e3o funcionando corretamente. Fazendo isso\u060c eles podem tratar e\u060c \u00e0s vezes\u060c curar doen\u00e7as gen\u00e9ticas. Neste Momento\u060c apenas um punhado de terapias gen\u00e9ticas s\u00e3o aprovado pelo FDA<\/a> para uso cl\u00ednico nos EUA para o tratamento de condi\u00e7\u00f5es como atrofia muscular espinhal ou distrofia retiniana. No entanto\u060c muitas novas terapias est\u00e3o atualmente passando por testes cl\u00ednicos.<\/p>\n\n

\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

Embora seja um campo relativamente novo\u060c a medical gen\u00f4mica j\u00e1 reasonou mudan\u00e7as \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0622\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n\n

O custo de todo o Sequenciamento do genoma caiu exponencialmente e Continar\u00e1 a cair no futuro at\u00e9 que esteja prontamente dispon\u00edvel a um pre\u00e7o acess\u00edvel a todos. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062b\u0644 pessoas de serem Sequenciadas \u060c como \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629<\/a> preocupa\u00e7\u00f5es tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o abordadas\u060c haver\u00e1 um aumento \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 no n\u00famero de pessoas que s\u00e3o sequenciadas e uma bomb\u00e9o de dados gen\u00f4micos dispon\u00edveis para serem usados em pesquisas. Com esses dados\u060c os pesquisadores ser\u00e3o capazes de melhorar mais Rapidamente nossa compreens\u00e3o do genoma humano\u060c \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 Capacidades da Medicina gen\u00f4mica.<\/p>\n\n

Conjuntos de dados gen\u00f4micos maiores allowir\u00e3o aos pesquisadores obter uma compreens\u00e3o melhorada do grau em que muitas doen\u00e7as e condi\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o reasonadas pela gen\u00e9tica de um indiv\u00edduo e uma capacidade dos melhorada de medir as indisposiasduas de medir. Uma melhor compreens\u00e3o da gen\u00e9tica subjacente a condi\u00e7\u00f5es espec\u00edficas tamb\u00e9m ajudar\u00e1 a fornecer informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre os mecanismos celulares subjacentes a essas condi\u00e7\u00f5es\u060c o que dar\u00e1 aos cientistas novos insights sobre comas desenv. \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u060c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 Essas condi\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 exemplo\u060c seu genoma preisp\u00f5e voc\u00ea \u00e0 obesidade\u060c seu m\u00e9dico ir\u00e1 inform\u00e1-lo e dar-lhe conselhos personalizados sobre mudan\u00e7as no estilo de vida para ajudar a prevenir que voc\u00ea se torne obeso. A pesquisa j\u00e1 come\u00e7ou sobre a gen\u00e9tica subjacente a muitas condi\u00e7\u00f5es comuns\u060c como doen\u00e7as card\u00edacas e sugar\u060c mas eles ainda n\u00e3o bem compreendidos.<\/p>\n\n

\u0625\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u060c indiv\u00edduos com \u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0631\u0627\u0633<\/a> podem se Beneficiar de uma maior disponibilidade de Sequenciamento gen\u00f4mico. Como n\u00e3o \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f muitos pacientes com doen\u00e7as raras\u060c \u00e9 Dif\u00edcil para os pesquisadores obterem dados suficientes para estudos sobre essas doen\u00e7as. Tornar o Sequenciamento gen\u00f4mico mais acess\u00edvel\u060c atraente e acess\u00edvel para pesquisa ajudar\u00e1 os pesquisadores a obter os dados de que precisam para compreender a gen\u00e9tica subjacente a essas condi\u00e7\u00f5es e desenvolver melhores diagn\u00f3sticos e terap\u00eauticas.<\/p>\n\n

Al\u00e9m disso\u060c a disponibilidade mais ampla de Sequenciamento gen\u00f4mico nos permiria reduzir muito ou Eliminar totalmente a spread\u00eancia de muitas doen\u00e7as gen\u00e9ticas com m\u00e9todos de heran\u00e7a simples\u060c como fibrose c\u00edstica ou doen\u00e7a de Tay-S\u00edstica. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u064a \u0623\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0632 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0648 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0648 \u0647\u064a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. Ao removeinar ou reduzir a popular desses dist\u00farbios\u060c muitas pessoas podem ser impedidas de sofrer eo sistema de sa\u00fade pode se tornar mais eficiente.<\/p>\n\n

Por fim\u060c \u00e0 medida que os mecanismos subjacentes \u00e0s doen\u00e7as gen\u00e9ticas s\u00e3o mais bem compreendidos e as t\u00e9cnicas de edi\u00e7\u00e3o de genes como o CRISPR-Cas9 s\u00e3o aperfei\u00e7oadas\u060c seremos capazes de usar essas t\u00e9cnicas em. Com a edi\u00e7\u00e3o de genes\u060c os cientistas ser\u00e3o capazes de tratar or at\u00e9 mesmo curar doen\u00e7as gen\u00e9ticas\u060c alterando quaisquer variantes gen\u00e9ticas que as estejam likeando e restaurantando a fun\u00e7\u00e3o normal. Enquanto as c\u00e9lulas germinativas (\u00f3vulos e espermatoz\u00f3ides) n\u00e3o forem editadas \u060c essas altera\u00e7\u00f5es gen\u00e9ticas n\u00e3o devem ser transmitidas aos descendentes dos indiv\u00edduos tratados.<\/p>\n\n

O que os Consumidores devem sabre sobre gen\u00f4mica pessoal<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n

Est\u00e1 claro que os Benef\u00edcios do avan\u00e7o da medicalina gen\u00f4mica ser\u00e3o grandes. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u060c \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0648 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0648 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u060c voc\u00ea deve estar ciente de quem ter\u00e1 acesso aos seus dados postiormente. Muitos atuais diretos para empresas de testes gen\u00e9ticos de Consumo \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0633<\/a> . Embora acreditemos claramente que \u00e9 ben\u00e9fico disponibilizar mais dados gen\u00f4micos aos pesquisadores\u060c tamb\u00e9m acreditamos que seus dados gen\u00f4micos perfencem a voc\u00ea\u060c portanto\u060c voc\u00ea deve terole control total sobre exatamente a se temus acreditamos \u00c9 por isso que a plataforma nebula d\u00e1 a voc\u00ea a escolha de compartilhar ou n\u00e3o seus dados gen\u00f4micos an\u00f4nimos com pesquisadores\u060c caso a caso\u060c e recompensa voc\u00ea se voc\u00ea decidir compartilh\u00e1-los com eles.<\/p>\n\n

Al\u00e9m disso \u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 de onde voc\u00ea mora \u060c \u00e9 pos\u00edvel que as seguradoras usem seus dados gen\u00f4micos para Definir os pre\u00e7os para voc\u00ea. Nos Estados Unidos\u060c o Lei de N\u00e3o Discrimina\u00e7\u00e3o de Informa\u00e7\u00e3o Gen\u00e9tica de 2008 (GINA)<\/a> \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. No entanto\u060c outros tipos de seguradoras\u060c como vida ou invalidez\u060c ainda podem usar seus dados para Definir pre\u00e7os\u060c se desejarem. \u0633\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0648 t\u00e9cnicas criptogr\u00e1ficas<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 garantir que apenas voc\u00ea e aqueles com quem voc\u00ea escolher \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d compartilhar seus dados posam v\u00ea-los.<\/p>\n\n

\u00c9 importante notar que\u060c \u00e0 medida que a medicalina gen\u00f4mica avan\u00e7a\u060c os riscos de privacidade impostos aos indiv\u00edduos tamb\u00e9m aumentam. Os cientistas j\u00e1 est\u00e3o trabalhando em algoritmos para deix\u00e1-los gerar uma aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o do rosto de uma pessoa<\/a> usando seus dados gen\u00f4micos. \u00c0 medida que essas t\u00e9cnicas avan\u00e7am no futuro\u060c ser\u00e1 ainda mais f\u00e1cil para as pessoas usarem seus dados gen\u00f4micos an\u00f4nimos para identific\u00e1-lo e obter grandes quantidades de informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre voc\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n

Em \u00faltima an\u00e1lise \u060c a medical gen\u00f4mica tem o potencial de fazer mudan\u00e7as positivas extraordin\u00e1rias na \u00e1rea da sa\u00fade se mais dados gen\u00f4micos forem disponibilizados aos pesquisadores\u060c mas devemos garantir que esses dados de equajam. Nosso objetivo na Nebula \u00e9 allowir que voc\u00ea seja Sequenciado a um pre\u00e7o acess\u00edvel\u060c mantendo a propriedade de seus dados e allowindo que voc\u00ea compartilhe esses dados de forma segura e an\u00f4nima com pesquisadores para ajudar a progesemirica.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0625\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647. O que \u00e9 medicalina gen\u00f4mica\u061f Gen\u00f4mica \u00e9 o estudo do c\u00f3digo gen\u00e9tico Complete de um Organismo ou Sequ\u00eancia de DNA\u060c e como os genes contu\u00eddos por esse DNA interagem entre and ambiente para …<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span> \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":15653,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5053],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15650","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-5053"],"yoast_head":"\n\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a | \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A Medical gen\u00f4mica \u00e9 a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o das informa\u00e7\u00f5es gen\u00f4micas de um indiv\u00edduo para ajudar a tomar decis\u00f5es personalizadas sobre seus cuidados m\u00e9dicos.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86%d9%88%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%83%d8%a7\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 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