{"id":15873,"date":"2021-02-20T21:08:30","date_gmt":"2021-02-21T02:08:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a\/"},"modified":"2021-02-20T21:08:33","modified_gmt":"2021-02-21T02:08:33","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a &#8211; \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-what-is-dna-sequencing\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a<a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a-%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%83%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d9%88%d9%83%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%83-%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6\/\"> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/a> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50000 (\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 2020) \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color has-background\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/whole-genome-sequencing\/\"><strong>\u0647\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0641\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 100\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0636\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u061f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 Nebula Genomics \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629! \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f!<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p><em>\u062d\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0632 \u060c \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-challenges-of-dna-sequencing\"><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 DNA \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623) \u062d\u062a\u0649 1000 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1979. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646<a href=\"https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/human-genome-project\"> \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a> \u060c \u0639\u062f\u0629 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\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sequencing-methods\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644. \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-classical-methods\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-method-of-maxam-and-gilbert\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977. \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 5 &#8216;\u0623\u0648 3&#8217; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646). \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a (G) \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0642 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 3 &#8216;\u0645\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Sanger dideoxy \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/uCg6Zgm2uOGHpyiUDS7Igrzb7G31oM5J0SUj4ogs32EHCEZK0jzoR1bxDYGf8cWtBwTjD25wqKCx3nIWN-gGmCkn66FZweUaOL4pJM9tYA08z9h3NArwrpZ-aqK66bZ11LY5k6Sm\" alt=\"&#x646;&#x647;&#x62C; &#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x645;&#x627;&#x643;&#x633;&#x627;&#x645; &#x62C;&#x64A;&#x644;&#x628;&#x631;&#x62A;.\" title=\"&#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x645;&#x627;&#x643;&#x633;&#x627;&#x645; &#x62C;&#x64A;&#x644;&#x628;&#x631;&#x62A; \"\/><figcaption>\u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: JHCaufield\u060c Wikimedia Commons<br\/><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dideoxy-method-sanger-sequencing\"><strong>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Dideoxy (Sanger<\/strong><strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644<\/strong> )<\/h4>\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 Sanger dideoxy \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 Sanger and Coulson \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1975. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 (Bacteriophage \u03c6X174).<\/p>\n\n<p>\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1980 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u062c.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645<a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a\/\"> \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/a> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 DNA \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 (PCR) \u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 PCR \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 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<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 GATC Biotech \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a GATC 1500&#8221;. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0650\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645 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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 ddNTPs \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641. \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0637 DNA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/yyZ_LR_fZ-94euUL4t6vX5lCWQ1W4uw1VoHq1jMUzzQVpDVHUUNHY9Hj5n_C7-cYtYgBEvwimFWHcva6WeuZNDXQ3OL6S0p62PoS2mO33PGJW-VV4DREdi5hmplZlVvpjkeqtHcW\" alt=\"&#x633;&#x64A;&#x631; &#x639;&#x645;&#x644; &#x646;&#x645;&#x648;&#x630;&#x62C;&#x64A; &#x644;&#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x633;&#x627;&#x646;&#x62C;&#x631;. \" title=\"&#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x633;&#x627;&#x646;&#x62C;&#x631;\"\/><figcaption>\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: Estevezj\u060c Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-modern-approaches\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 8 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n\n<p> \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a &#8220;\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2007&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 Nature Methods.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dna-sequencing-using-pyrosequencing\"><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 Pyrosequencing \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 DNA \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 DNA \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a &#8220;\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644&#8221; \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0628\u0644 DNA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641. \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0643\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u062f (dNTP) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 NTP \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 NTP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u061b \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a (PPi). \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a (ATP) \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0632 ATP. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 ATP \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 &#8211; \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 ATP \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 Pyrosequencing \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629<a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%aa\/\"> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 Pyrosequencing \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/wIPpCnxtXE4qvkT4LYJyd0oKdFQwW55iw5ugmZsNTPidcqH39LRzxQZF63dXHox445puAPaxXoRhOSUchzeXNYySxAeriLYE4Hy7WZklh2n8Xu8VghRYLEXjEyryLddCM0_w8Fsr\" alt=\"&#x628;&#x64A;&#x631;&#x648;&#x633;&#x64A;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646;&#x62C;.\" title=\"&#x628;&#x64A;&#x631;&#x648;&#x633;&#x64A;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x646;&#x62C;\"\/><figcaption>\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0646\u062c. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: Thisisjp\u060c Wikimedia Commons<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sequencing-by-hybridization\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a (\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a (\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 DNA \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0623\u0631\u064a). <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0628\u0627\u063a \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-ion-semiconductor-dna-sequencing-system\"><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/nl\/en\/home\/brands\/ion-torrent.html\"> \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/a> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 DNA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 1.2 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0626\u0631 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632. \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 (CMOS) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh3.googleusercontent.com\/B5hrNL3q3yWRNkdCVqleutJQGyZQEmuxbKnFM8O5V4kw6OACKVSRhy16Y_xBacwQujfdPgROoem63z0NRuo6IA1u3z4yV66pWlrd5zQmXv_NGn0lAwm4FaDpn4jtYnvQPk1xfG7A\" alt=\"&#x62A;&#x642;&#x646;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x623;&#x634;&#x628;&#x627;&#x647; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x648;&#x635;&#x644;&#x627;&#x62A; &#x627;&#x644;&#x623;&#x64A;&#x648;&#x646;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x60C; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x635;&#x62F;&#x631;: Konrad Foerstner &#x60C; &#x648;&#x64A;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x645;&#x64A;&#x62F;&#x64A;&#x627; &#x643;&#x648;&#x645;&#x646;&#x632;\" width=\"400\" height=\"300\" title=\"&#x645;&#x646;&#x638;&#x645; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x623;&#x634;&#x628;&#x627;&#x647; &#x627;&#x644;&#x645;&#x648;&#x635;&#x644;&#x627;&#x62A;\"\/><figcaption>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: Konrad Foerstner \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-sequencing-with-bridge-synthesis\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0633\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 Solexa \/ Illumina. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0641. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0631. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a) \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0647\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-two-base-encoding\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0631\u0628\u0637 Oligo (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/nl\/en\/home\/life-science\/sequencing\/next-generation-sequencing\/solid-next-generation-sequencing\/solid-next-generation-sequencing-systems-reagents-accessories\/solid-next-generation-sequencing-chemistry.html\"> \u0635\u0644\u0628<\/a> ) \u0645\u0646 Applied Biosystems \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 Ligation. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 DNA. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0628 PCR. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 DNA \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n<p> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064a \u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 (CA \u060c CT \u060c GG \u060c GC). \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0640 DNA ligase. \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0633\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0635\u0642\u0627\u062a. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0627\u062a \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh4.googleusercontent.com\/-Ea1y8V90klItxRKEcwj3mBlVP3piFANgADdvOBiHBUZWHl6KTORTtpSbhxtefq2Smnrj-jpvbB3i0-jTVHpg-zp6GAweftqJ1ZHbKfraabzfNPZ-0fMZfB8lWdx3IZ7zzt8Ojwr\" alt=\"&#x645;&#x646;&#x635;&#x629; SOLiD.\" title=\"&#x645;&#x646;&#x635;&#x629; SOLiD\"\/><figcaption>\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 SOLiD \u060c \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dna-sequencing-with-paired-ends\"><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u060c PETS.<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-third-generation-dna-sequencing\"><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n<p>\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 PCR \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644. \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0632 DNA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2013&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 Nature Methods.<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh5.googleusercontent.com\/tTTe7UKvVeAuNV0RVKrh5tbuFfIeC1Uo10tAEqRz-UmkBpp_ejizHvA71b1rtLYy0oEqoikepDYGs16q-t-OGbdVrIeAybSxgPjCwHgbrPWGlBl_piOO4MbRhgwwdPp04Aq_kj9O\" alt=\"&#x62A;&#x642;&#x646;&#x64A;&#x629; &#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62C;&#x64A;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62B;&#x627;&#x644;&#x62B;. &#x645;&#x635;&#x62F;&#x631; &#x627;&#x644;&#x635;&#x648;&#x631;&#x629;: &#x634;&#x627;&#x646;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x627; &#x634;&#x64A;&#x62E;&#x627;&#x631; &#x628;&#x627;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x643; &#x60C; &#x631;&#x627;&#x641;&#x627;&#x644; &#x633;&#x645;&#x648;&#x632;&#x64A;&#x646;&#x633;&#x643;&#x64A; &#x60C; &#x623;&#x646;&#x62F;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x647; &#x62A;&#x631;&#x64A;&#x62A;&#x64A;&#x646; &#x60C; &#x648;&#x64A;&#x643;&#x64A;&#x645;&#x64A;&#x62F;&#x64A;&#x627; &#x643;&#x648;&#x645;&#x646;&#x632;\" width=\"563\" height=\"386\" title=\"&#x62A;&#x633;&#x644;&#x633;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62C;&#x64A;&#x644; &#x627;&#x644;&#x62B;&#x627;&#x644;&#x62B;\"\/><figcaption>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: \u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u060c \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a \u060c \u0623\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0632<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-nanopore-sequencing\"><strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 Nanopore<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nanoporetech.com\/applications\/dna-nanopore-sequencing\">\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 Nanopore<\/a> \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0639. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0637 DNA \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 MspA \u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644. <\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c Poretools. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 &#8220;MinION&#8221; \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631&#8221;. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015.<\/p>\n\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644<a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/whole-genome-sequencing\/\"> \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/a> !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u061f \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628. \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1995 \u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 50000 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"ast-button\" href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%88%d9%88%d9%8a\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a &#8211; \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/span> \u0627\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":36528,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5053],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15873","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-5053"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.13 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a - \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" 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