{"id":9550,"date":"2021-01-05T23:22:46","date_gmt":"2021-01-06T04:22:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/dna-%e3%83%87%e3%82%aa%e3%82%ad%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%83%9c%e6%a0%b8%e9%85%b8\/"},"modified":"2021-02-20T20:27:18","modified_gmt":"2021-02-21T01:27:18","slug":"dna-%e3%83%87%e3%82%aa%e3%82%ad%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%83%9c%e6%a0%b8%e9%85%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ja\/dna-%e3%83%87%e3%82%aa%e3%82%ad%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%83%9c%e6%a0%b8%e9%85%b8\/","title":{"rendered":"DNA\uff08\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\uff09-\u751f\u547d\u306e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u306a\u9752\u5199\u771f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-intro-to-dna\">DNA\u306e\u7d39\u4ecb<\/h2>\n\n<p>\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306e\u9396\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30dd\u30ea\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u3067\u3042\u308b\u6838\u9178\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306b\u3042\u308b\u751f\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u751f\u7269\u3068\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\uff08DNA\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u3001\u30d1\u30e9\u30ec\u30c8\u30ed\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\uff09\u3001\u3064\u307e\u308a\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306e\u7269\u8cea\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u3059\u3002 <\/p>\n\n<p>\u901a\u5e38\u306e\u72b6\u614b\u3067\u306f\u3001DNA\u306f\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u69cb\u7bc9\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u305d\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u306f4\u3064\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u304c\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u3001\u7cd6\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u3001\u304a\u3088\u30734\u3064\u306e\u6709\u6a5f\u5869\u57fa\uff08\u30a2\u30c7\u30cb\u30f3\u3001\u30c1\u30df\u30f3\u3001\u30b0\u30a2\u30cb\u30f3\u3001\u30b7\u30c8\u30b7\u30f3\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070A\u3001T\u3001G\u3001C\u3068\u7565\u3055\u308c\u308b\uff09\u306e1\u3064\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>DNA\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\u306e\u751f\u6210\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3092\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u306aRNA\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d7\u3067\u3042\u308bmRNA\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u6b21\u306b\u3001\u751f\u7269\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u9054\u3068\u7d30\u80de\u5185\u306e\u4ee3\u8b1d\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306e\u69cb\u7bc9\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u3053\u3067\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u914d\u5217\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306e\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u907a\u4f1d\u6697\u53f7\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c3\u3064\u306e\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u5869\u57fa\u3092\u6301\u3064\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u30a2\u30df\u30ce\u9178\u3092\u30a8\u30f3\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u690d\u7269\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u3001\u771f\u83cc\u3082\u542b\u3080\u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u6838\uff08\u30e9\u30c6\u30f3\u6838\u3001\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u6838DNA\u307e\u305f\u306fnDNA\uff09\u306eDNA\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u304c\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u7d44\u7e54\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u306e\u300c\u767a\u96fb\u6240\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u30df\u30c8\u30b3\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30a2\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u30df\u30c8\u30b3\u30f3\u30c9\u30ea\u30a2DNA\uff08mtDNA\uff09\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u690d\u7269\u3084\u85fb\u985e\u306f\u3001\u5149\u5408\u6210\u7d30\u80de\u5c0f\u5668\u5b98\u3001\u8449\u7dd1\u4f53\u3001\u8272\u7d20\u4f53\uff08cpDNA\uff09\u306b\u3082DNA\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d0\u30af\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u3084\u53e4\u7d30\u83cc\uff08\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u3092\u6301\u305f\u306a\u3044\u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\uff09\u3067\u306f\u3001DNA\u306f\u7d30\u80de\u8cea\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u3001\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308bRNA\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u907a\u4f1d\u5b50\u60c5\u5831\u3092DNA\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304fRNA\u306b\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e4\/DNA_chemical_structure.svg\/300px-DNA_chemical_structure.svg.png\" alt=\"DNA&#x306E;&#x69CB;&#x9020;&#x3002;\"\/><figcaption>DNA\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3002 DNA\u306e3D\u69cb\u9020\u306f\u3001\u306d\u3058\u308c\u305f\u306f\u3057\u3054\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-subtle-pale-pink-background-color has-background\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/whole-genome-sequencing\/\"><strong>DNA\u3092100\uff05\u30c7\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u8208\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f Nebula Genomics\u306f\u3001\u6700\u3082\u624b\u9803\u306a\u5168\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3078\u306e\u30d5\u30eb\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u6700\u65b0\u306e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u767a\u898b\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u304f\u6bce\u9031\u306e\u66f4\u65b0\u3001\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u7956\u5148\u5206\u6790\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u63a2\u7d22\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u751f\u306e\u767a\u898b\u3092\u958b\u59cb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3053\u3092\u30af\u30ea\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/strong><\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n<p><em>Christina Swords\u3001Ph.D\u3002\u304c\u7de8\u96c6<\/em><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-structure-and-organization-of-dna\">DNA\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3068\u69cb\u6210<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-building-blocks\">\u30d3\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\u306f\u3001\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u307e\u305f\u306f\u7565\u3057\u3066\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u591a\u304f\u306e\u69cb\u6210\u8981\u7d20\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u9577\u9396\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u30dd\u30ea\u30de\u30fc\uff09\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u5404\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306b\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u3001\u7cd6\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073\u8907\u7d20\u74b0\u5f0f\u6838\u9178\u5869\u57fa\u307e\u305f\u306f\u5869\u57fa\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u6210\u5206\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u3068\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u306e\u30b5\u30d6\u30e6\u30cb\u30c3\u30c8\u306f\u3001\u5404\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u3067\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30dc\u30fc\u30f3\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5869\u57fa\u3068\u7cd6\uff08\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u5869\u3092\u542b\u307e\u306a\u3044\uff09\u306e\u5358\u4f4d\u306f\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30b7\u30c9\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u306f\u3001\u8ca0\u96fb\u8377\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u89aa\u6c34\u6027\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u6c34\u6eb6\u6db2\u4e2d\u306eDNA\u306b\u5168\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u8ca0\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u4e0e\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6c34\u306b\u6eb6\u89e3\u3057\u305f\u3053\u306e\u8ca0\u306b\u5e2f\u96fb\u3057\u305fDNA\u306f\u305d\u308c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u3092\u653e\u51fa\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001\u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001\u9178\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff08\u3082\u306f\u3084\uff09\u3002 \u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\u3068\u3044\u3046\u7528\u8a9e\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u304c\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u975e\u8377\u96fb\u72b6\u614b\u3092\u6307\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u5869\u57fa\u306f\u3001\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u30a2\u30c7\u30cb\u30f3\uff08A\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30b0\u30a2\u30cb\u30f3\uff08G\uff09\u3001\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30d4\u30ea\u30df\u30b8\u30f3\u3001\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u30c1\u30df\u30f3\uff08T\uff09\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30b7\u30c8\u30b7\u30f3\uff08C\uff09\u3067\u3042\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u3002 4\u3064\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306f\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u307f\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3059\u308b\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306b\u306f\u7565\u8a9eA\u3001G\u3001T\u3001\u304a\u3088\u3073C\u3082\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u306e5\u3064\u306e\u70ad\u7d20\u539f\u5b50\u306b\u306f\u30011 &#8216;\u304b\u30895&#8217;\u307e\u3067\u306e\u756a\u53f7\u304c\u4ed8\u3051\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u3053\u306e\u7cd6\u306e1 &#8216;\u672b\u7aef\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u306f5 &#8216;\u672b\u7aef\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u53b3\u5bc6\u306b\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u306f2-\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u540d\u524d\u306f\u3001\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u5206\u5b50\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u30012 &#8216;\u4f4d\u306b\u30a2\u30eb\u30b3\u30fc\u30eb\u6027\u30d2\u30c9\u30ed\u30ad\u30b7\u57fa\uff08OH\u57fa\uff09\u304c\u306a\u3044\uff08\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u6c34\u7d20\u539f\u5b50\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\uff09\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8b\u5b9f\u306b\u7531\u6765\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>3 &#8216;\u4f4d\u306b\u306f\u3001\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u30db\u30b9\u30db\u30b8\u30a8\u30b9\u30c6\u30eb\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u4ecb\u3057\u3066\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306e\u7cd6\u306e5&#8217;\u70ad\u7d20\u539f\u5b50\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308bOH\u57fa\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u306b\u306f\u30015 &#8216;\u304a\u3088\u30733&#8217;\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u672b\u7aef\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u751f\u304d\u3066\u3044\u308b\u4e16\u754c\u3067DNA\u9396\u3092\u5408\u6210\u3059\u308bDNA\u30dd\u30ea\u30e1\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u306f\u30013 &#8216;\u672b\u7aef\u306eOH\u57fa\u306b\u306e\u307f\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u3092\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u30015&#8217;\u672b\u7aef\u3067\u306f\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u304d\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u306f\u5e38\u306b5 &#8216;\u304b\u30893&#8217;\u306b\u6210\u9577\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30b7\u30c9\u4e09\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\uff083\u3064\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u3092\u6301\u3064\uff09\u304c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30d3\u30eb\u30c7\u30a3\u30f3\u30b0\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30af\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f9b\u7d66\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u3053\u304b\u30892\u3064\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u304c\u30d4\u30ed\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u5206\u96e2\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u65b0\u305f\u306b\u8ffd\u52a0\u3055\u308c\u305f\u5404\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306e\u6b8b\u308a\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u6b8b\u57fa\u306f\u3001\u6c34\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u9396\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u6700\u5f8c\u306e\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306e3 &#8216;\u672b\u7aef\u306eOH\u57fa\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u9396\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u914d\u5217\u306f\u3001\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u30a8\u30f3\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-the-double-helix\">\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093<\/h3>\n\n<p>DNA\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u3001B-DNA\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u30b3\u30f3\u30d5\u30a9\u30e1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u3089\u305b\u3093\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u3068\u3057\u3066\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e0a\u8a18\u306e\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306e2\u3064\u306f\u3001\u53cd\u5bfe\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u5404\u7aef\u3067\u30012\u3064\u306e\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u306e\u4e00\u65b9\u306f3 &#8216;\u672b\u7aef\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u65b9\u306f5&#8217;\u672b\u7aef\u3092\u6301\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e26\u7f6e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u30012\u3064\u306e\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u4e2d\u592e\u3067\u5e38\u306b\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u53cd\u5bfe\u5074\u306b\u3042\u308a\u3001\u300c\u5bfe\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u300d\u3002 \u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306f\u4e3b\u306b\u3001\u540c\u3058\u9396\u306e\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u5869\u57fa\u9593\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3092\u7a4d\u307f\u91cd\u306d\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff08\u305d\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u4e3b\u5f35\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001\u9396\u9593\u306e\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u3055\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u30a2\u30c7\u30cb\u30f3\u3068\u30c1\u30df\u30f3\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u5bfe\u306b\u306a\u3063\u30662\u3064\u306e\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3001\u30b7\u30c8\u30b7\u30f3\u3068\u30b0\u30a2\u30cb\u30f3\u304c3\u3064\u306e\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u3067\u63a5\u7d9a\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5206\u5b50\u4f4d\u7f6e1 = 1\u30686 = 6\u306e\u9593\u306b\u30d6\u30ea\u30c3\u30b8\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30b0\u30a2\u30cb\u30f3-\u30b7\u30c8\u30b7\u30f3\u30da\u30a2\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3055\u3089\u306b2 = 2\u306e\u9593\u306b\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u540c\u3058\u5869\u57fa\u304c\u5e38\u306b\u30da\u30a2\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u9396\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u9396\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u914d\u5217\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u914d\u5217\u306f\u76f8\u88dc\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30da\u30a2\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u306e\u7279\u7570\u6027\u306b\u307b\u307c\u72ec\u5360\u7684\u306b\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u306b\u306f\u95a2\u4e0e\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u30d7\u30ea\u30f3\u306f\u5e38\u306b\u30d4\u30ea\u30df\u30b8\u30f3\u3068\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u9396\u9593\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f\u3069\u3053\u3067\u3082\u540c\u3058\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u898f\u5247\u7684\u306a\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3089\u305b\u3093\u5168\u4f53\u306e\u76f4\u5f84\u306f\u7d042nm\u3067\u3001\u5404\u7cd6\u5206\u5b50\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3055\u3089\u306b0.34nm\u5dfb\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u7cd6\u5206\u5b50\u306e\u5e73\u9762\u306f\u4e92\u3044\u306b36\u00b0\u306e\u89d2\u5ea6\u306b\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u300110\u5869\u57fa\uff08360\u00b0\uff09\u30683.4nm\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u5b8c\u5168\u306a\u56de\u8ee2\u304c\u9054\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 DNA\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6700\u5927\u306e\u30d2\u30c8\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306b\u306f2\u51044700\u4e07\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>2\u3064\u306e\u500b\u5225\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u649a\u308a\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u6a2a\u65b9\u5411\u306e\u30ae\u30e3\u30c3\u30d7\u304c\u6b8b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u3053\u306e\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u76f4\u63a5\u8868\u9762\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306b\u5dfb\u304d\u4ed8\u304f\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u6e9d\u306f2\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff08\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u5192\u982d\u306b\u3042\u308b\u30a4\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u3068\u30a2\u30cb\u30e1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff09\u3002 \u300c\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6e9d\u300d\u306e\u5e45\u306f2.2nm\u3067\u3001\u300c\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u6e9d\u300d\u306e\u5e45\u306f\u308f\u305a\u304b1.2nm\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6e9d\u306e\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306f\u3088\u308a\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30b9\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u8ee2\u5199\u56e0\u5b50\u306a\u3069\u306e\u914d\u5217\u7279\u7570\u7684\u306a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067DNA\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306f\u3001\u901a\u5e38\u3001\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6e9d\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>DAPI\u306a\u3069\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306eDNA\u8272\u7d20\u3082\u3001\u6e9d\u306b\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>2\u3064\u306e\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u9593\u306e\u7d2f\u7a4d\u7d50\u5408\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306f\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u4e00\u7dd2\u306b\u4fdd\u6301\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u3053\u306b\u306f\u5171\u6709\u7d50\u5408\u306f\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001DNA\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306f1\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u5206\u5b50\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u30672\u3064\u306e\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u4eca\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u305fB-DNA\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3066\u3001A-DNA\u3068\u5de6\u5229\u304d\u306e\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308bZ-DNA\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30011979\u5e74\u306bMIT\u306eAlexanderRich\u3068\u5f7c\u306e\u540c\u50da\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6700\u521d\u306b\u7814\u7a76\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u7279\u306bGC\u30ea\u30c3\u30c1\u306a\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u767a\u751f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 Z-DNA\u3092B-DNA\u3068\u306e\u5316\u5408\u7269\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u793a\u3057\u3001Z-DNA\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u6d3b\u6027\u306e\u8a3c\u62e0\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u7d50\u6676\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u306e\u306f2005\u5e74\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3057\u305f\u3002 \u6b21\u306e\u8868\u3068\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u56f3\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u63a5\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u305f3\u3064\u306e\u5f62\u5f0f\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3092\u793a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u3001\u672c\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u5e73\u884c\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u3089\u305b\u3093\u3092\u4e00\u65b9\u5411\u307e\u305f\u306f\u4ed6\u306e\u65b9\u5411\u306b\u50be\u3051\u308b\u304f\u3055\u3073\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6700\u5927\u306e\u304f\u3055\u3073\u306f\u3001\u3082\u3046\u4e00\u65b9\u306e\u9396\u306e\u30c1\u30df\u30b8\u30f3\u3068\u5bfe\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u30a2\u30c7\u30ce\u30b7\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u3001\u4e00\u9023\u306eAT\u30da\u30a2\u304c\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306b\u5f27\u3092\u63cf\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u305d\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7cfb\u5217\u304c\u77ed\u3044\u9593\u9694\u3067\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u7d9a\u304f\u3068\u304d\u3001DNA\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u6e7e\u66f2\u3057\u305f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u66f2\u304c\u3063\u305f\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u3068\u308b\u3002 \u56de\u6298\u306f\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u3082\u8a98\u767a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u914d\u5217\u8a98\u767a\u56de\u6298\u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff08\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u8a98\u767a\u56de\u6298\uff09\u3002 \u914d\u5217\u8a98\u5c0e\u56de\u6298\u306f\u3001\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5834\u6240\u3067\u3088\u304f\u898b\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-chromatin-and-chromosomes\">\u30af\u30ed\u30de\u30c1\u30f3\u3068\u67d3\u8272\u4f53<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u6709\u7cf8\u5206\u88c2\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u5206\u88c2\u306e\u5f8c\u671f\u4e2d\u671f\u306e\u30d2\u30c8\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\uff1a\u5404\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u671f\u3067\u5206\u96e2\u3055\u308c\u30012\u3064\u306e\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u306b\u5206\u5272\u3055\u308c\u308b2\u3064\u306e\u67d3\u8272\u5206\u4f53\u3092\u793a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u771f\u6838\u7d30\u80de\u3067\u306f\u3001DNA\u306f\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u308b\u30af\u30ed\u30de\u30c1\u30f3\u7cf8\u306e\u5f62\u3067\u7d44\u7e54\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u5358\u4e00\u306e\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306b\u306f\u3001\u5f8c\u671f\u304b\u3089S\u671f\u306e\u59cb\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3067\u306e\u9577\u3044\u9023\u7d9a\u3057\u305fDNA\u4e8c\u672c\u9396\uff08\u67d3\u8272\u5206\u4f53\uff09\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 S\u671f\u306e\u7d42\u308f\u308a\u306b\u3001\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306f2\u3064\u306e\u540c\u4e00\u306eDNA\u9396\uff082\u3064\u306e\u67d3\u8272\u5206\u4f53\uff09\u3067\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306aDNA\u30b9\u30ec\u30c3\u30c9\u306f\u6570\u30bb\u30f3\u30c1\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306b\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u306f\u76f4\u5f84\u304c\u6570\u30de\u30a4\u30af\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3057\u304b\u306a\u3044\u305f\u3081\u3001DNA\u3092\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5727\u7e2e\u307e\u305f\u306f\u300c\u30d1\u30c3\u30af\u300d\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u771f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3044\u308f\u3086\u308b\u30af\u30ed\u30de\u30c1\u30f3\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u30d2\u30b9\u30c8\u30f3\u306f\u7279\u306b\u6ce8\u76ee\u306b\u5024\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30bd\u30fc\u30e0\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3057\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5468\u308a\u306bDNA\u304c\u6700\u4f4e\u306e\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30f3\u30b0\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u3067\u5305\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u6838\u5206\u88c2\uff08\u6709\u7cf8\u5206\u88c2\uff09\u306e\u9593\u306b\u3001\u5404\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6700\u5927\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u30c8\u306a\u5f62\u306b\u51dd\u7e2e\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4e2d\u671f\u306e\u5149\u5b66\u9855\u5fae\u93e1\u4e0b\u3067\u305d\u308c\u3089\u3092\u7279\u306b\u3088\u304f\u8b58\u5225\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/thumb\/e\/e2\/Eukaryote_DNA-en.svg\/320px-Eukaryote_DNA-en.svg.png\" alt=\"\"\/><figcaption>\u7d30\u80de\u5185\u306eDNA\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-bacterial-and-viral-dna\">\u7d30\u83cc\u304a\u3088\u3073\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306eDNA<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u539f\u6838\u7d30\u80de\u3067\u306f\u3001\u3053\u308c\u307e\u3067\u306b\u5831\u544a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u4e8c\u672c\u9396DNA\u306e\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u958b\u59cb\u3068\u7d42\u4e86\u306e\u3042\u308b\u7dda\u5f62\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u74b0\u72b6\u5206\u5b50\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059-\u5404\u5206\u5b50\uff08\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u5404DNA\u30b9\u30c8\u30e9\u30f3\u30c9\uff09\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e3\u3067\u5186\u3092\u9589\u3058\u307e\u3059&#8217;\u30685&#8217;\u306f\u7d42\u4e86\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e2\u3064\u306e\u74b0\u72b6\u306e\u9589\u3058\u305fDNA\u5206\u5b50\u306f\u3001\u914d\u5217\u306e\u9577\u3055\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u7d30\u83cc\u306e\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30d7\u30e9\u30b9\u30df\u30c9\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d0\u30af\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u7d30\u80de\u6838\u306b\u3082\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001\u8840\u6f3f\u4e2d\u306b\u81ea\u7531\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u539f\u6838\u751f\u7269\u306eDNA\u306f\u3001\u74b0\u72b6\u306e\u96fb\u8a71\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u4f3c\u305f\u9175\u7d20\uff08\u30c8\u30dd\u30a4\u30bd\u30e1\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u3084\u30b8\u30e3\u30a4\u30ec\u30fc\u30b9\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306e\u52a9\u3051\u3092\u501f\u308a\u3066\u3001\u5358\u7d14\u306a\u300c\u30b9\u30fc\u30d1\u30fc\u30b3\u30a4\u30eb\u300d\u306b\u5dfb\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3089\u305b\u3093\u3092\u56de\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u30b9\u30da\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u524a\u6e1b\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30d0\u30af\u30c6\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30c8\u30dd\u30a4\u30bd\u30e1\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u306f\u3001DNA\u3092\u7d76\u3048\u305a\u5207\u65ad\u3057\u3066\u518d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u306d\u3058\u308c\u305f\u4e8c\u672c\u9396\u304c\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u5834\u6240\u3067\u78ba\u5b9f\u306b\u30ec\u30b9\u30ea\u30f3\u30b0\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff08DNA\u8ee2\u5199\u3068DNA\u8907\u88fd\u306e\u524d\u63d0\u6761\u4ef6\uff09\u3002 \u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7a2e\u985e\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u3001\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u3068\u3057\u3066DNA\u307e\u305f\u306fRNA\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002 DNA\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u3068RNA\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u4e21\u65b9\u3067\u3001\u6838\u9178\u306f\u30bf\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u8cea\u30a8\u30f3\u30d9\u30ed\u30fc\u30d7\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4fdd\u8b77\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-chemical-and-physical-properties-of-the-dna-double-helix-structure\">DNA\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u69cb\u9020\u306e\u5316\u5b66\u7684\u304a\u3088\u3073\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7279\u6027<\/h3>\n\n<p>\u4e2d\u6027pH\u3067\u306f\u3001DNA\u306f\u8ca0\u306b\u5e2f\u96fb\u3057\u305f\u5206\u5b50\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8ca0\u306e\u96fb\u8377\u306f\u9396\u306e\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u30dc\u30fc\u30f3\u306e\u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u57fa\u306b\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30ea\u30f3\u9178\u5869\u306e3\u3064\u306e\u9178\u6027OH\u57fa\u306e\u3046\u30612\u3064\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u96a3\u63a5\u3059\u308b\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u30a8\u30b9\u30c6\u30eb\u5316\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u30013\u3064\u76ee\u306f\u307e\u3060\u5b58\u5728\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u4e2d\u6027pH\u3067\u30d7\u30ed\u30c8\u30f3\u3092\u653e\u51fa\u3057\u3001\u8ca0\u96fb\u8377\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u7279\u6027\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30ac\u30ed\u30fc\u30b9\u30b2\u30eb\u96fb\u6c17\u6cf3\u52d5\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u9577\u3055\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u7570\u306a\u308bDNA\u9396\u3092\u5206\u96e2\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 DNA\u306e\u81ea\u7531\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3084\u878d\u70b9\u306a\u3069\u306e\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u7279\u6027\u306f\u3001GC\u542b\u91cf\u306b\u76f4\u63a5\u95a2\u4fc2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306f\u914d\u5217\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dna-stack-interactions\">DNA\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528<\/h4>\n\n<p>\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u306b\u306f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u4e3b\u306a\u8981\u56e0\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u76f8\u88dc\u7684\u306a\u5869\u57fa\u9593\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u5f62\u6210\u3068\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u5869\u57fa\u9593\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6700\u521d\u306e\u4eee\u5b9a\u306b\u53cd\u3057\u3066\u3001\u5869\u57fa\u306f\u5468\u56f2\u306e\u6c34\u3068\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u826f\u597d\u306a\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u3092\u5f62\u6210\u3067\u304d\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u306f\u3054\u304f\u308f\u305a\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002 GC\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306f\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u5b89\u5b9a\u6027\u306b\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u3057\u304b\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u304c\u3001AT\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306f\u4e0d\u5b89\u5b9a\u5316\u52b9\u679c\u3055\u3048\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u3001\u9023\u7d9a\u3059\u308b\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u9593\u306e\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306b\u306e\u307f\u5f71\u97ff\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u8907\u7d20\u74b0\u5f0f\u5869\u57fa\u306e\u82b3\u9999\u74b0\u7cfb\u9593\u3067\u3001\u53cc\u6975\u5b50\u8a98\u8d77\u53cc\u6975\u5b50\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u304c\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u3001\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7684\u306b\u6709\u5229\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u5f62\u6210\u306f\u3001\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306e\u5229\u5f97\u3068\u640d\u5931\u304c\u4f4e\u3044\u305f\u3081\u306b\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4e0d\u5229\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u5229\u5f97\u306e\u4e0b\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u4f38\u9577\uff08\u5ef6\u9577\uff09\u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7684\u306b\u6709\u5229\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b9\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u305fGC-GC\u306b\u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7684\u306b\u6700\u3082\u6709\u5229\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u3055\u308c\u305fAT-AT\u306b\u306f\u3042\u307e\u308a\u6709\u5229\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002 \u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306e\u9055\u3044\u306f\u3001\u4e3b\u306b\u3001GC\u30ea\u30c3\u30c1\u306aDNA\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304cAT\u30ea\u30c3\u30c1\u306a\u30bb\u30af\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3088\u308a\u3082\u71b1\u529b\u5b66\u7684\u306b\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u7406\u7531\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306f\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-dna-melting-point\">DNA\u306e\u878d\u70b9<\/h4>\n\n<p>DNA\u306e\u878d\u70b9\u306f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u9593\u306e\u7d50\u5408\u529b\u304c\u514b\u670d\u3055\u308c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3089\u304c\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u5206\u96e2\u3059\u308b\u6e29\u5ea6\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u5909\u6027\u3068\u3082\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>DNA\u304c\u5354\u540c\u7684\u9077\u79fb\uff08\u72ed\u3044\u6e29\u5ea6\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u8d77\u3053\u308b\uff09\u3067\u5909\u6027\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u9650\u308a\u3001\u878d\u70b9\u306f\u4e8c\u672c\u9396\u306e\u534a\u5206\u304c\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u306b\u5909\u6027\u3059\u308b\u6e29\u5ea6\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304b\u3089\u3001\u300c\u8ee2\u79fb\u6e29\u5ea6\u306e\u4e2d\u70b9\u300dTm\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u878d\u70b9\u306f\u3001\u3089\u305b\u3093\u306e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u914d\u5217\u306b\u4f9d\u5b58\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3089\u305b\u3093\u306bGC\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u304c\u591a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001AT\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u3088\u308a\u3082\u30a8\u30f3\u30c8\u30ed\u30d4\u30fc\u7684\u306b\u6709\u5229\u3067\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5897\u52a0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u30012\u3064\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5f62\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u6c34\u7d20\u7d50\u5408\u306e\u6570\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002 2\u3064\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e1\u3064\u304cAT\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u30012\u3064\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30ad\u30f3\u30b0\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u306f\u306f\u308b\u304b\u306b\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u4e00\u65b9\u3001GC\u30b9\u30bf\u30c3\u30af\u306f\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7684\u306b\u6709\u5229\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4e8c\u91cd\u3089\u305b\u3093\u3092\u3088\u308a\u5f37\u304f\u5b89\u5b9a\u3055\u305b\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u7dcf\u6570\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308bGC\u5869\u57fa\u5bfe\u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u306f\u3001GC\u542b\u91cf\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u4e0e\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u4e00\u672c\u9396DNA\u306f\u4e8c\u672c\u9396DNA\u3088\u308a\u3082\u7d0440\uff05\u5f37\u3044\u7d2b\u5916\u7dda\u3092\u5438\u53ce\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u8ee2\u79fb\u6e29\u5ea6\u306f\u5149\u5ea6\u8a08\u3067\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6eb6\u6db2\u306e\u6e29\u5ea6\u304cTm\u3092\u4e0b\u56de\u308b\u3068\u3001\u4e00\u672c\u9396\u304c\u4e92\u3044\u306b\u518d\u7d50\u5408\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u518d\u751f\u307e\u305f\u306f\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c0\u30a4\u30bc\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3068\u547c\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u8131\u6210\u719f\u3068\u518d\u751f\u306e\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30d0\u30a4\u30aa\u30c6\u30af\u30ce\u30ed\u30b8\u30fc\u30d7\u30ed\u30bb\u30b9\u3001\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30dd\u30ea\u30e1\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u9023\u9396\u53cd\u5fdc\uff08PCR\uff09\u3001\u30b5\u30b6\u30f3\u30d6\u30ed\u30c3\u30c8\u3001insitu\u30cf\u30a4\u30d6\u30ea\u30c0\u30a4\u30bc\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3067\u6d3b\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n<p>\u3053\u306e\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0\u6295\u7a3f\u306f\u6c17\u306b\u5165\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304b\uff1f \u767a\u898b\u3067\u304d\u308b<a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ja\/category\/%e7%90%86%e7%a7%91\/\">DNA\u3001\u907a\u4f1d\u5b66\u3001\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b7\u30f3\u30b0\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u6295\u7a3f\u306f\u3053\u3061\u3089<\/a>\uff01<\/p>\n\n<p>\u6b21\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u30d6\u30ed\u30b0\u6295\u7a3f\u306b\u8208\u5473\u304c\u3042\u308b\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ja\/dna-%e3%83%9d%e3%83%aa%e3%83%a1%e3%83%a9%e3%83%bc%e3%82%bc\/\">DNA\u30dd\u30ea\u30e1\u30e9\u30fc\u30bc\u2013\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u306e\u5f37\u529b\u306a\u30e9\u30a4\u30bf\u30fc<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/whole-genome-sequencing\/\">\u51fa\u767a\u3059\u308b\u524d\u306b\u3001\u5168\u30b2\u30ce\u30e0\u30b7\u30fc\u30b1\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\uff01<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DNA\u306e\u7d39\u4ecb \u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\u306f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30cc\u30af\u30ec\u30aa\u30c1\u30c9\u306e\u9396\u304b\u3089\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u30dd\u30ea\u30cc\u30af\u30ec &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"ast-button\" href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ja\/dna-%e3%83%87%e3%82%aa%e3%82%ad%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%83%9c%e6%a0%b8%e9%85%b8\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">DNA\uff08\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\uff09-\u751f\u547d\u306e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u306a\u9752\u5199\u771f<\/span> Read More \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":18,"featured_media":36555,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4977],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9550","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-4977"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.13 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>DNA\uff08\u30c7\u30aa\u30ad\u30b7\u30ea\u30dc\u6838\u9178\uff09-\u751f\u547d\u306e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u306a\u9752\u5199\u771f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"DNA\u306f\u67d3\u8272\u4f53\u306b\u3042\u308b\u751f\u4f53\u5206\u5b50\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u751f\u7269\u3084\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30a6\u30a4\u30eb\u30b9\u306e\u907a\u4f1d\u60c5\u5831\u306e\u30ad\u30e3\u30ea\u30a2\u3067\u3059\u3002\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/ja\/dna-%e3%83%87%e3%82%aa%e3%82%ad%e3%82%b7%e3%83%aa%e3%83%9c%e6%a0%b8%e9%85%b8\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ja_JP\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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