{"id":1756,"date":"2020-04-14T12:45:01","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T16:45:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/?p=1756"},"modified":"2021-01-27T01:56:07","modified_gmt":"2021-01-27T06:56:07","slug":"refractive-errors-hysi-2020","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/refractive-errors-hysi-2020\/","title":{"rendered":"Refractive errors (Hysi, 2020)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>STUDY TITLE: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41588-020-0599-0\">Meta-analysis of 542,934 subjects of European ancestry identifies new genes and mechanisms predisposing to refractive error and myopia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SUMMARY:<\/strong> Discovery of 336 new genomic regions associated with refractive errors, including nearsightedness.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>OVERVIEW: &nbsp;<\/strong>Refractive errors occur when the shape of the eye does not bend light correctly, resulting in unfocused or blurry vision. One of the major types of refractive errors is&nbsp;<em>myopia<\/em>, otherwise known as nearsightedness. Refractive errors are very common, and the prevalence is increasing, likely due to a combination of environmental and genetic factors.&nbsp;Using genetic data from ~550,000 individuals of European descent, this study discovered 449 genomic regions associated with refractive error, 336 of which are novel. Together, the identified genetic variants explain 18.4% of the heritability of refractive error. The results suggest that refractive error is driven by genes involved in eye development, pigmentation, and&nbsp;<em>circadian rhythm<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>DID YOU KNOW?<\/strong>  Myopia, or nearsightedness, is a condition in which objects in proximity are clear but objects at a distance are blurry. The most common way to correct for myopia is by wearing corrective glasses or contact lenses. It is estimated that over a billion individuals across the globe need glasses but do not have access to them, particularly in developing countries. Inaccessibility to eye care is a major public health concern in those countries and has led to, among other things, traffic accidents and poor grades.&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2018\/05\/05\/health\/glasses-developing-world-global-health.html\" target=\"_blank\">[SOURCE]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>SAMPLE RESULTS:<\/strong> Learn more about the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/nebula-library-unlocking-genetic-research\/\">Nebula Research Library<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/whole-genome-sequencing\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"375\" src=\"http:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Nebula-personalized-results-genomics-1024x375.png\" alt=\"refractive errors sample results\" class=\"wp-image-1066\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Nebula-personalized-results-genomics-1024x375.png 1024w, https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Nebula-personalized-results-genomics-300x110.png 300w, https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Nebula-personalized-results-genomics-768x281.png 768w, https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Nebula-personalized-results-genomics-1536x562.png 1536w, https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Nebula-personalized-results-genomics.png 924w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>RESTING HEART RATE-ASSOCIATED VARIANTS:<\/strong>  rs2124500, rs13301794, rs12440698, rs7277023, rs6050351, rs148101639, rs41305473, rs10066524, rs2355125, rs17150996, rs75452709, rs7307053, rs2654980, rs13189957, rs11928769, rs11153164, rs6828872, rs10493817, rs7602799, rs115504329, rs10887652, rs72973714, rs12569272, rs4499830, rs6487108, rs2726052, rs4133395, rs7849438, rs11585774, rs11196996, rs6136407, rs2910644, rs13027546, rs4933627, rs3756171, rs73858679, rs902356, rs74848904, rs6489568, rs10848650, rs7315286, rs1427039, rs113369180, rs8121964, rs6629562, rs1905014, rs2075822, rs9895291, rs10829282, rs9790778, rs180874045, rs7569375, rs1562523, rs1863622, rs7427073, rs113626448, rs9526736, rs10223052, rs28564890, rs78486117, rs6875105, rs57654288, rs3936511, rs6590199, rs9562057, rs1558655, rs4242244, rs4981370, rs12475184, rs9521975, rs55870008, rs1054521, rs493786, rs6537315, rs3127166, rs6610546, rs7966177, rs3762672, rs9526001, rs12762379, rs2575725, rs10980037, rs7048915, rs9968377, rs1732579, rs1280632, rs33998475, rs1158569, rs35636169, rs505837, rs6099283, rs497523, rs6668720, rs6137371, rs3013105, rs13409142, rs2097352, rs7073435, rs7780001, rs73231003, rs1646555, rs73117594, rs2867673, rs7802500, rs11121599, rs1912409, rs57829920, rs75488612, rs28495254, rs9832291, rs10753502, rs1823289, rs4886850, rs13339407, rs2606558, rs7311970, rs10174570, rs62026817, rs6102322, rs35567312, rs1490276, rs4875839, rs4896068, rs75012440, rs9497026, rs2024211, rs7584334, rs1961952, rs11675358, rs8096658, rs10158878, rs1865249, rs34354104, rs3784589, rs1260326, rs28533147, rs3131703, rs7619476, rs1425598, rs11165052, rs4905998, rs12409365, rs4947120, rs535888, rs4753693, rs11700909, rs7732667, rs7136446, rs146172211, rs7601475, rs1907462, rs6070941, rs10030755, rs41267883, rs55681357, rs117123217, rs73035723, rs7793034, rs807479, rs7816934, rs6700065, rs7272323, rs7144361, rs6860901, rs11065286, rs2045629, rs73042687, rs144137329, rs57902545, rs3211166, rs928109, rs4828621, rs41281858, rs2212597, rs10934960, rs35667547, rs34687569, rs7691051, rs11161294, rs9372732, rs12291662, rs1045960, rs620088, rs12719025, rs2708597, rs1058734, rs11734373, rs10753823, rs11181913, rs35446926, rs9608575, rs11555696, rs113628353, rs2072438, rs359260, rs113119541, rs62468101, rs4769824, rs123698, rs62538956, rs10258656, rs2696187, rs935402, rs9788504, rs17817004, rs34096978, rs10520789, rs587289, rs9646588, rs11772758, rs62273875, rs10112386, rs7756435, rs62084693, rs3775228, rs11940147, rs12514897, rs10163854, rs4502168, rs8042462, rs10042371, rs943423, rs880095, rs41396445, rs6547257, rs4130686, rs8042545, rs4711751, rs7730838, rs905224, rs6667260, rs17218455, rs256438, rs11087326, rs353, rs854089, rs7549293, rs72660683, rs36080062, rs9606973, rs4845402, rs855719, rs10839545, rs2276118, rs673253, rs13056506, rs4964008, rs6864640, rs1991401, rs9650252, rs1568072, rs11119421, rs75150349, rs1278092, rs12308700, rs7855188, rs10122788, rs4766878, rs9892466, rs171835, rs7431936, rs448203, rs7634084, rs10218285, rs11659457, rs1489081, rs255049, rs734559, rs2501571, rs7928419, rs199771582, rs246073, rs11103381, rs10793568, rs2259858, rs13268738, rs501057, rs2570495, rs942453, rs11564403, rs1906252, rs4829885, rs147792504, rs6810039, rs4721135, rs9484245, rs3764523, rs79406658, rs76324150, rs6484385, rs35867, rs7596847, rs13190379, rs10416763, rs6946168, rs1532276, rs795288, rs7880414, rs1309551, rs7800245, rs12186577, rs1152698, rs13107325, rs429358, rs10260177, rs11781149, rs4262652, rs121908120, rs7786560, rs10219187, rs1868289, rs13073161, rs62385438, rs710902, rs12511880, rs28526098, rs6549043, rs6995342, rs1599166, rs34437079, rs28588430, rs2378078, rs3739996, rs2028155, rs56284621, rs117821803, rs61334940, rs4052505, rs4839270, rs4869965, rs17313971, rs11127261, rs11758482, rs6120993, rs58287690, rs35337422, rs113761591, rs1029278, rs3785837, rs9379066, rs807037, rs9217, rs3750847, rs1328371, rs7737179, rs12778014, rs45502300, rs6954078, rs14165, rs60743220, rs12896393, rs2017765, rs4793501, rs11037404, rs198443, rs35497503, rs10100265, rs1371951, rs1571590, rs73294488, rs300751, rs9824877, rs144311425, rs11178450, rs17032696, rs1118543, rs73175083, rs4738094, rs115152181, rs12492279, rs6988919, rs8039459, rs1550870, rs6519240, rs75601727, rs556161, rs4635359, rs1790165, rs2074302, rs1468993, rs2229741, rs12568187, rs235770, rs9547035, rs3781196, rs34961350, rs59473955, rs12883788, rs17834080, rs1700943, rs1150687, rs7947524, rs9309272, rs192716, rs7042950, rs7162310, rs6670896, rs16978339, rs1064583, rs73157695, rs9535263, rs2076309, rs12234576, rs17420551, rs4145443, rs10895869, rs11145461, rs17428076, rs34217772, rs1254314, rs10842971, rs7525202, rs8075811, rs62070229, rs2842083, rs7222840, rs56299331, rs1556867, rs178597, rs511217, rs56036047, rs9747347, rs1340044, rs2808514, rs2155413, rs2017760, rs6767786, rs2855530, rs12965607, rs5442, rs74764079, rs61049169, rs7895108, rs2573081, rs4517452, rs724154, rs16890057, rs1961579, rs2908972, rs1550094, rs72621438, rs3138142, rs11606250, rs17648524, rs7744813, rs524952, rs12193446<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>ADDITIONAL RESOURCES:<\/strong><br><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=NpZI1eKiadg\" target=\"_blank\">Refractive error (Video)<\/a><br><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nei.nih.gov\/sites\/default\/files\/nehep-pdfs\/Refractiveerrors.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Refractive error fact sheet<\/a><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/nearsightedness\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20375556\" target=\"_blank\">Myopia<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>WEEKLY UPDATE:<\/strong> April 14, 2020<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><br><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>STUDY TITLE: Meta-analysis of 542,934 subjects of European ancestry identifies new genes and mechanisms predisposing to refractive error and myopia SUMMARY: Discovery of 336 new genomic regions associated with refractive errors, including nearsightedness. OVERVIEW: &nbsp;Refractive errors occur when the shape &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"ast-button\" href=\"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/refractive-errors-hysi-2020\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Refractive errors (Hysi, 2020)<\/span> Read More \u00bb<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":1764,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_caption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_nocaption":"","_FSMCFIC_featured_image_hide":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[50],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1756","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-reports"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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B.S.","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/32fb6e0dbc7e0bac908b0f23ea6ed5ec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/32fb6e0dbc7e0bac908b0f23ea6ed5ec?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Garrett Dunlap, B.S."},"description":"Garrett Dunlap earned a B.S. in Biology from Case Western Reserve University with a minor in Political Science. He earned an M.S. and is currently a Ph.D. Candidate in the Biological and Biomedical Sciences (BBS) Ph.D. program at Harvard University.\u00a0He has experience in science policy as an intern at the Science and Innovation Network where he assisted in the science diplomacy functions of the British Consulate-General and as a research associate at TScan Therapeutics. He is also interested in science communication and writing. You can read more about Garrett's experience and publications on LinkedIn and ORCID.","sameAs":["https:\/\/nebula.org\/whole-genome-sequencing\/"],"url":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/author\/garrett-dunlap\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1756","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1756"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1756\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1764"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1756"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1756"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nebula.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1756"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}